LIFE SAFETY OF TRAFFIC PARTICIPANTS AND FIRST AID AND SELF-HELP MEASURES IN CASE OF ACCIDENTS

1. Lay them down with legs elevated.
2. Lay them down ensuring a semi-reclined position with head and torso elevated.
3. Lay them down flat.

The correct answer: Lay them down ensuring a semi-reclined position with head and torso elevated.

The correct action is: Lay them down ensuring a semi-reclined position with head and torso elevated. In first aid, the order of actions matters and only the steps required for the stated condition should be performed. Remember the order of actions and avoid adding unnecessary steps from the distractors.

1. A frightened pregnant woman.
2. A child with scratches.
3. A man with a broken arm.
4. An unconscious man.

The correct answer: An unconscious man.

The unconscious man should receive help first. Of the four casualties listed, the source selects him as the priority. The frightened pregnant woman, the child with abrasions and the man with a broken arm are not the first choice in this task.

1. Tilt the victim's head backward.
2. Lower the victim's head and press the upper part of the nose.
3. Place a cotton tampon inside the victim's nose.
4. Let the blood flow and stop on its own.

The correct answer: Lower the victim's head and press the upper part of the nose.

The correct action is: Lower the victim's head and press the upper part of the nose. In first aid, the order of actions matters and only the steps required for the stated condition should be performed. Remember the order of actions and avoid adding unnecessary steps from the distractors.

1. Suggest going to the nearest hospital.
2. Give a glass of water and 2 valerian tablets.
3. Immediately stop the vehicle and turn on the hazard lights.
4. Advise to walk a bit and breathe fresh air.

The correct answer: Immediately stop the vehicle and turn on the hazard lights.

The correct action is: Immediately stop the vehicle and turn on the hazard lights. In first aid, the order of actions matters and only the steps required for the stated condition should be performed. Remember the order of actions and avoid adding unnecessary steps from the distractors.

1. Hold the victim trying to restrain the convulsions.
2. Try to open the mouth, hold the tongue and place an object between the teeth.
3. Try to open the airways by tilting the victim's head backward.
4. Do not interfere, let the convulsions end on their own.

The correct answer: Do not interfere, let the convulsions end on their own.

The correct action is: Do not interfere, let the convulsions end on their own. In first aid, the order of actions matters and only the steps required for the stated condition should be performed. Remember the order of actions and avoid adding unnecessary steps from the distractors.

1. Leave the burn exposed.
2. Open blisters filled with fluid and then tightly bandage.
3. Apply oil on the burn.
4. Cool the burn with water, then cover with sterile bandages or clean cloths.

The correct answer: Cool the burn with water, then cover with sterile bandages or clean cloths.

1. Wash the wound with water.
2. Elevate the victim's arm and apply a pressure bandage.
3. Apply iodine alcohol solution on the wound.

The correct answer: Elevate the victim's arm and apply a pressure bandage.

1. Apply a warming compress to the injury.
2. Apply a cold compress on the injured area and elevate it.
3. Apply a cold compress on the injured area and keep it below heart level.
4. Apply an alcohol compress to the injury.

The correct answer: Apply a cold compress on the injured area and elevate it.

1. Try to sit him down.
2. Elevate his legs.
3. Pour cold water on his face.
4. Slap him on the face.

The correct answer: Elevate his legs.

1. Provide assistance to everyone but be careful.
2. Help the victim who is closest to you.
3. Do not approach, immediately call for help and prevent bystanders from approaching the accident site.
4. Do not approach, ask someone else to provide assistance.

The correct answer: Do not approach, immediately call for help and prevent bystanders from approaching the accident site.

1. Call emergency medical services.
2. Check consciousness and breathing.
3. Immobilize the leg.

The correct answer: Check consciousness and breathing.

1. Immediately elevate the victim’s limb.
2. Cover the wound with a sterile handkerchief and immobilize the injured limb.
3. Stop the bleeding by direct pressure.
4. Apply cold compresses on the wound.

The correct answer: Cover the wound with a sterile handkerchief and immobilize the injured limb.

1. Lay the victim flat on their back.
2. Sit the victim leaning on the injured side.
3. Sit the victim leaning on the healthy side.

The correct answer: Sit the victim leaning on the injured side.

1. Wash and carefully try to push the protruding organs back in.
2. Cover the protruding organs with a clean moist cloth and polyethylene film.
3. Cut off the protruding organs and bandage the wound.
4. Do not touch, transport to hospital as is.

The correct answer: Cover the protruding organs with a clean moist cloth and polyethylene film.

1. Lay them on their back.
2. Open the mouth and pull the tongue out.
3. Turn them on their side and tilt the head back.

The correct answer: Turn them on their side and tilt the head back.

1. Only cover the wound with a bandage.
2. Apply a pressure bandage and press on the artery’s pressure point.
3. Pour ashes into the wound.

The correct answer: Apply a pressure bandage and press on the artery’s pressure point.

1. Place the victim in a comfortable position.
2. Inspect the scene and ensure safety.
3. Check the victim for severe bleeding.
4. Move the victim out of the car.

The correct answer: Inspect the scene and ensure safety.

1. Remove the foreign object from the wound.
2. Leave the foreign object in place to control bleeding.
3. Ensure the foreign object is immobilized.
4. Treat the wound area with alcohol.

The correct answer: Ensure the foreign object is immobilized.

1. 40-60 beats per minute.
2. 60-80 beats per minute.
3. 80-100 beats per minute.

The correct answer: 60-80 beats per minute.

1. 12-18 breaths per minute.
2. 20-30 breaths per minute.
3. 40-60 breaths per minute.

The correct answer: 12-18 breaths per minute.

1. The victim has serious injuries.
2. The scene is dangerous, for example, there is a risk of explosion.
3. There is an electric wire fallen on the car.

The correct answer: The scene is dangerous, for example, there is a risk of explosion.

1. Lay the victim down and apply a cold compress to the injury.
2. Place a warm heater on the abdomen.
3. Apply a pressure bandage on the abdomen.
4. Give the victim a large amount of liquid to drink.

The correct answer: Lay the victim down and apply a cold compress to the injury.

1. Open the doors wide and turn off the engine; if possible, move the victim away from the scene.
2. Thoroughly examine the victim’s body for injuries.
3. Place the victim in the recovery position.
4. Help the victim assume a semi-sitting position.

The correct answer: Open the doors wide and turn off the engine; if possible, move the victim away from the scene.

1. Give them cold water to drink.
2. Place them in the recovery position.
3. Maintain normal body temperature.
4. Open the airways and check breathing.

The correct answer: Open the airways and check breathing.

1. The victim feels pain.
2. The victim feels discomfort.
3. The nail whitens slowly when pressed.
4. The nail slowly returns to pink color.

The correct answer: The nail slowly returns to pink color.

1. Give them sugar or a sweet liquid.
2. Suggest that they rest for a few hours.
3. Advise them to inject insulin.

The correct answer: Give them sugar or a sweet liquid.

1. Blood flows slowly for 10 minutes.
2. Blood spurts from the wound.
3. Blood is dark red.
4. Blood flows slowly in a thread-like stream from the wound.

The correct answer: Blood spurts from the wound.

1. Remove the victim from the source of electricity.
2. Perform primary assessment.
3. Remove the wire from the victim using an insulating object.
4. Look for entrance and exit burn marks on the body.

The correct answer: Remove the wire from the victim using an insulating object.

1. Avoid direct contact with the wound and provide aid only with sterile gloves.
2. Do not help victims who have bleeding.

The correct answer: Avoid direct contact with the wound and provide aid only with sterile gloves.

1. Help the victim assume a semi-sitting position.
2. Lay them down and raise their legs.
3. Lay them down with legs bent at the knees.
4. Lay them down with the head elevated.

The correct answer: Help the victim assume a semi-sitting position.

1. Helped to assume a semi-sitting position.
2. Laid down and legs raised.
3. Laid down with legs bent at the knees.
4. Laid down with head elevated.

The correct answer: Laid down and legs raised.

1. Lay them down with the head elevated.
2. Lay them down and raise the legs.
3. Lay them down with legs bent at the knees.

The correct answer: Lay them down with legs bent at the knees.

1. Lower limb and head injury.
2. Hip and chest injury.

The correct answer: Lower limb and head injury.

1. Lower limb and head injury.
2. Hip and chest injury.

The correct answer: Hip and chest injury.

1. Help the people inside the vehicle to urgently get out of the car.
2. Ask the people inside to stay in the vehicle until the electric current is disconnected.

The correct answer: Ask the people inside to stay in the vehicle until the electric current is disconnected.

1. Wash the wound with soap and clean water, then bandage it.
2. Treat the wound with alcohol-based agents (iodine, vodka, perfume, etc.).

The correct answer: Wash the wound with soap and clean water, then bandage it.

1. Wash the wound with soap and clean water.
2. Treat the wound with alcohol-based agents (iodine, vodka, perfume, etc.).
3. Stop the bleeding and bandage the wound.

The correct answer: Stop the bleeding and bandage the wound.

1. Indicate the closest landmark to the accident site; report the number of injured, their gender and age.
2. Indicate the nearest street and house number; inform who was injured (pedestrian, driver, or passenger) and describe the injuries.
3. Indicate the accident location (street, house number, nearest landmarks); report the number of injured, their gender, approximate age, consciousness, breathing, circulation, presence of severe bleeding, fractures, and other injuries; wait for the operator to confirm the call is accepted.

The correct answer: Indicate the accident location (street, house number, nearest landmarks); report the number of injured, their gender, approximate age, consciousness, breathing, circulation, presence of severe bleeding, fractures, and other injuries; wait for the operator to confirm the call is accepted.

1. Lay the injured person on their side.
2. Lay the injured person on their back on a firm, flat surface; avoid moving or changing the position unless necessary.
3. Lay the injured person on their back, place a rolled cloth under the neck, and elevate the legs.

The correct answer: Lay the injured person on their back on a firm, flat surface; avoid moving or changing the position unless necessary.

1. Rub the affected areas with snow or wool cloth, then warm up, give alcoholic drink, move to a warm place.
2. Warm the affected areas and immobilize them; cover the victim with warm clothes or blanket, give warm drink, move to a warm place.
3. Apply ointment to the affected areas, apply warming compress and heater, move to a warm place, give warm drink.

The correct answer: Warm the affected areas and immobilize them; cover the victim with warm clothes or blanket, give warm drink, move to a warm place.

1. Stop bleeding by direct pressure, apply compressive bandage; if unconscious, place victim in stable side position; apply cold to head injury if possible.
2. Immobilize cervical spine using homemade splint; place sterile cotton on wound; lay victim on back with elevated legs; apply cold to head if possible.
3. It is prohibited to apply cervical splint; cover wound with medical adhesive plaster; lay victim on side.

The correct answer: Stop bleeding by direct pressure, apply compressive bandage; if unconscious, place victim in stable side position; apply cold to head injury if possible.

1. On the back with a rolled cloth under the head.
2. On the back with legs spread apart.
3. Place the injured in stable side position with bent knees touching the ground and the upper arm under the cheek.

The correct answer: Place the injured in stable side position with bent knees touching the ground and the upper arm under the cheek.

1. No more than half an hour in warm weather, and no more than one hour in cold weather.
2. No more than 1 hour in warm weather, and no more than half an hour in cold weather.
3. There is no time limit for how long a tourniquet can remain tied.

The correct answer: No more than 1 hour in warm weather, and no more than half an hour in cold weather.

1. Grab the victim's chin, tilt the head back, and observe the chest movement for 10 seconds.
2. Place one hand on the victim's forehead, lift the chin with two fingers of the other hand while tilting the head back, then observe breathing for 10 seconds, trying to feel the exhaled air on your cheek and watch the chest movement.
3. Without tilting the victim's head, lean close to their face and observe breathing for 10 seconds, trying to feel the exhaled air on your cheek and watch the chest movement.

The correct answer: Place one hand on the victim's forehead, lift the chin with two fingers of the other hand while tilting the head back, then observe breathing for 10 seconds, trying to feel the exhaled air on your cheek and watch the chest movement.

1. Dark-colored blood flows slowly from the wound. A pressure bandage is applied on the wound with a note about the time it was applied.
2. Bright red blood flows from the wound, spurting strongly, intermittently or like a fountain. The injured artery must be pressed with fingers, then a tourniquet is applied above the wound as close as possible, with a note about the time it was applied.
3. Blood flows slowly from the wound. A tourniquet is applied below the injury, with a note about the time it was applied.

The correct answer: Bright red blood flows from the wound, spurting strongly, intermittently or like a fountain. The injured artery must be pressed with fingers, then a tourniquet is applied above the wound as close as possible, with a note about the time it was applied.

1. It is allowed.
2. It is allowed only in extreme necessity.
3. It is prohibited.

The correct answer: It is prohibited.

1. Apply a pressure bandage at the injury site.
2. Apply a pressure bandage above the wound.
3. Apply a pressure bandage below the wound.

The correct answer: Apply a pressure bandage at the injury site.

1. Wash the wound with water, remove foreign bodies from the wound, and apply sterile cotton secured with a bandage.
2. Wear medical gloves, clean the wound with iodine-alcohol solution, apply ointment, and cover with adhesive bandage.
3. Wear medical gloves, cover the wound without cleaning it with a sterile gauze napkin, securing the edges with adhesive tape or bandage.

The correct answer: Wear medical gloves, cover the wound without cleaning it with a sterile gauze napkin, securing the edges with adhesive tape or bandage.

1. The upper limb is tied to the torso along its length; the lower limbs are tied to each other with soft cloth placed between them.
2. The upper limb bent at the elbow is supported on a sling and tied to the torso; the lower limbs are tied to each other with soft cloth between them.
3. The upper limb bent at the elbow is supported on a sling and tied to the torso; the lower limbs are tied to each other.

The correct answer: The upper limb bent at the elbow is supported on a sling and tied to the torso; the lower limbs are tied to each other with soft cloth between them.

1. In case of the car overturning, catching fire, explosion likelihood, or loss of victim's consciousness.
2. In case of car overturning, catching fire, explosion likelihood, victim’s hyperthermia, loss of consciousness and breathing, as well as when first aid inside the cabin is impossible.
3. In case of car overturning, catching fire, explosion likelihood, or in the presence of severe bleeding or traumatic brain injury.

The correct answer: In case of car overturning, catching fire, explosion likelihood, victim’s hyperthermia, loss of consciousness and breathing, as well as when first aid inside the cabin is impossible.

1. Pour cold water on the burn area, cover with sterile gauze, and secure with a firm bandage.
2. Open the blisters, clean the burn area from clothing residues, cover with sterile gauze (do not bandage), cool if possible, and give the victim water to drink.
3. Cool the burn area with water for 20 minutes. Without opening blisters or removing clothing residues, cover with sterile gauze (do not bandage), cool if possible, and give the victim water to drink.

The correct answer: Cool the burn area with water for 20 minutes. Without opening blisters or removing clothing residues, cover with sterile gauze (do not bandage), cool if possible, and give the victim water to drink.